Candogra, Caṇḍogrā: 9 definitions
Introduction:
Candogra means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Chandogra.
In Hinduism
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
Source: Wisdom Library: ŚāktismCaṇḍogrā (चण्डोग्रा):—Name of one of the goddesses to be worshipped during Āvaraṇapūjā (“Worship of the Circuit of Goddesses”), according to the Durgāpūjātattva (“The truth concerning Durgā’s ritual”). They should be worshipped with either the five upācāras or perfume and flowers.
Her mantra is as follows:
Source: Brill: Śaivism and the Tantric Traditions (shaktism)ह्रीं ओं चण्डोग्रायै नमः
hrīṃ oṃ caṇḍogrāyai namaḥ
Caṇḍogrā (चण्डोग्रा) refers to one of the Navadurgā (“nine Durgās”), whose worship formed a part of the Navarātra Tantric ritual (an autumnal festival of the warrior goddess Caṇḍikā).—On Mahāṣṭamī is the worship of the Nine Durgās (e.g., Caṇḍogrā), the eight mothers, the sixty-four Yoginīs, purification of the gross elements, installation of mantras on the body; [...] Goddess is believed to morph into a more uncontrollable presence requiring constant placation.—Various 8th century sources refer to rituals such as the worship of Caṇḍogrā, for example: Devīpurāṇa, Kālikāpurāṇa, Kṛtyakalpataru, Durgābhaktitaraṅgiṇī, Durgāpūjātattva, Durgāpūjāviveka, Bhadrakālīmantravidhiprakaraṇa in Sanderson (2007); account of the Durgā Pūjā in Kelomal, West Bengal (Nicholas 2013).
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: Wisdom Library: PurāṇasCaṇḍogrā (चण्डोग्रा):—One of the nine Durgās (navadurgā) that are worshipped for the prosperity of children, according to the Agni-purāṇa. Her colour is gorocana (red sandal paste). She has sixteen hands each and holds within her right hands a skull, shield, mirror, bow, flag and pāśa (cord), and in her left hands a rod, iron pounder, Śūla, Vajra, sword, Aṅkuśa (a sticklike weapon), Śara (arrow), Cakra and a śalākā. These nine Durgās are seen as different forms of Pārvatī.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
In Buddhism
Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)
Source: Wisdom Library: VajrayoginiCaṇḍogra (चण्डोग्र) is the name of the eastern cremation ground (śmaśāna) according to the Vajravārāhī-sādhana by Umāpatideva as found in te 12th century Guhyasamayasādhanamālā. As a part of this sādhana, the practicioner is to visualize a suitable dwelling place for the goddess inside the circle of protection which takes the form of eight cremation grounds.
Caṇḍogra is mentioned in the Saṃvarodaya-tantra as having various associative characteristics
tree (vṛkṣa) = Śirīśa,
protector (dikpati) = Indra,
serpent (nāga) = Vāsuki,
cloud (megha) = Garjita,
funeral monuments (caitya) = Sitavajra,
mountain (giri) = Sumeru.
Caṇḍogra (चण्डोग्र) refers to one of the eight charnel grounds (śmaśāna) of the Guṇacakra, according to the 10th century Ḍākārṇava chapter 15. Accordingly, the guṇacakra refers to one of the four divisions of the sahaja-puṭa (‘innate layer’), situated within the padma (lotus) in the middle of the Herukamaṇḍala. Caṇḍogra is associated with the tree (vṛkṣa) named Śirīṣa; with the direction-guardian (dikpāla) named Indra; with the serpent king (nāgendra) named Vāsuki and with the cloud king (meghendra) named Garjita.
Source: OSU Press: Cakrasamvara SamadhiCaṇḍogra (चण्डोग्र) is the name of a Śmaśāna (cremation ground) [i.e., oṃ caṇḍograśmaśānāya hūṃ phaṭ svāhā], according to the Guru-maṇḍala-arcana [i.e., “Guru Mandala Worship]” ritual often performed in combination with the Cakrasaṃvara Samādhi, which refers to the primary pūjā and sādhanā practice of Newah Mahāyāna-Vajrayāna Buddhists in Nepal.
Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.
Languages of India and abroad
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English DictionaryCaṇḍogrā (चण्डोग्रा):—[from caṇḍa > caṇḍ] f. Name of one of the 8 Nāyikās or Śaktis of Durgā, [Brahma-purāṇa ii, 61, 79.]
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with: Candograshulapani.
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Full-text: Garjita, Vasuki, Indra, Candograshulapani, Shirisha, Yogini, Sumeru, Sitavajra, Ashtashmashana, Navadurga, Shmashana, Shukataru, Harivasa, Navamivarata, Nayaka.
Relevant text
Search found 4 books and stories containing Candogra, Caṇḍogrā, Caṇḍogra; (plurals include: Candogras, Caṇḍogrās, Caṇḍogras). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Puranic encyclopaedia (by Vettam Mani)
Agni Purana (by N. Gangadharan)
Chapter 185 - Vows observed on the ninth lunar day
Varahi Tantra (English Study) (by Roberta Pamio)
Chapter 29 - The worship of Caṇḍikā < [Summary of the Vārāhī Tantra]
On the use of Human remains in Tibetan ritual objects (by Ayesha Fuentes)
Charnel materials in the Saṃvara tradition < [Chapter 2 - The use of skulls and bone ornaments]