Dushta, Duṣṭa: 29 definitions

Introduction
In Hinduism
1. Purana
2. Ayurveda
3. Shaktism
4. Vaishnavism
5. Shaivism
6. Yoga
7. Arts
In Buddhism
In Jainism
1. General definition
Biology
Languages
1. Marathi
2. Sanskrit
3. Hindi
4. Kannada
5. Nepali
See also
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Introduction:

Dushta means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Marathi, Hindi, biology. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

The Sanskrit term Duṣṭa can be transliterated into English as Dusta or Dushta, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).

Alternative spellings of this word include Dusht.

In Hinduism

Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English Translation

Duṣṭa (दुष्ट) refers to a “wicked person”, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.2.30. Accordingly as Brahmā narrated to Nārada:—“[...] [Satī’s] body divested of its sins fell in the yogic fire and was reduced to ashes, O excellent sage, in accordance with her own wish. [...] Everything was surprisingly wonderful and terrifying to the Devas and others:—‘[...] Alas, Śiva’s beloved Goddess, nay his deity, Satī has cast-off her life. Who is that wicked person (duṣṭa) who angered her?’”.

context information

The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

Ayurveda (science of life)

Veterinary Medicine (The study and treatment of Animals)

Source: Asian Agri-History: Paśu Āyurvēda (Veterinary Medicine) in Garuḍapurāṇa

Duṣṭa (दुष्ट) or Duṣṭavraṇa refers to “non healing wounds”, according to Āyurveda sections in the Garuḍapurāṇa.—In the management of ulcers/wounds (vraṇacikitsā) the first step for the āgantuja-vraṇa (traumatic ulcers/wounds) caused by Śastra (weapons) and for the duṣṭa-vraṇa (non healing ulcers/wounds) is viśodhana (wash off the ulcer’s/wound’s impurities by medicated decoction).

Unclassified Ayurveda definitions

Source: gurumukhi.ru: Ayurveda glossary of terms

Duṣṭa (दुष्ट):—Vitiated; Turbid, Fetid, Bad

context information

Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.

Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)

Source: Google Books: Manthanabhairavatantram

Duṣṭa (दुष्ट) refers to the “wicked”, according to the Manthānabhairavatantra, a vast sprawling work that belongs to a corpus of Tantric texts concerned with the worship of the goddess Kubjikā.—Accordingly, “May they, whom I have recollected and are satisfied, accept the vessel of the bali. [...] O god! the bali has been offered to (them to chastise) those who despise the heroes, Siddhas and yogis on the surface of the earth here in the gathering of the practice of the Rule. May they destroy the hearing, memory, mind, sight, fat, flesh, bones and life of the wicked [i.e., duṣṭa] in the great gathering of the Rule!”.

context information

Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.

Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma)

Source: Prabhupada Books: Sri Caitanya Caritamrta

Duṣṭa (दुष्ट) refers to “rogues and demons”, according to the Śrī Caitanya Caritāmṛta 2.20.246 (“The Science of the Absolute Truth”).—(Cf. Śaktyāveśa).—The śaktyāveśa-avatāras are categorized into (1) forms of divine absorption (bhagavad-āveśa), such as Kapiladeva or ṛṣabhadeva, and (2) divinely empowered forms (śaktyāveśa), of whom seven are foremost: [i.e., (7) Paraśurāma, specifically empowered to cut down rogues and demons (duṣṭa-damana-śakti), [...]”.

context information

Vaishnava (वैष्णव, vaiṣṇava) or vaishnavism (vaiṣṇavism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshipping Vishnu as the supreme Lord. Similar to the Shaktism and Shaivism traditions, Vaishnavism also developed as an individual movement, famous for its exposition of the dashavatara (‘ten avatars of Vishnu’).

Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)

Source: Brill: Śaivism and the Tantric Traditions

Duṣṭa (दुष्ट) refers to “reprehensible behaviour”, according to the Halāyudhastotra verse 34-35.—Accordingly, “The visitation of the wives of the distinguished sages in the Pine Park, the oblation with seed in Fire, the twilight dance: Your behaviour is not reprehensible (duṣṭa). O Three-eyed one! The doctrines of the world do not touch those who have left worldly life, having passed far beyond the path of those whose minds are afflicted by false knowledge. The gods all wear gold and jewels as an ornament on their body. You do not even wear gold the size of a berry on your ear or on your hand. The one whose natural beauty, surpassing the path [of the world], flashes on his own body, has no regard for the extraneous ornaments of ordinary men”.

Source: SOAS University of London: Protective Rites in the Netra Tantra

Duṣṭa (दुष्ट) refers to “enemies” [?], according to the Netratantra of Kṣemarāja: a Śaiva text from the 9th century in which Śiva (Bhairava) teaches Pārvatī topics such as metaphysics, cosmology, and soteriology.—Accordingly, [verse 19.92-94ab, while describing the ritual that protect the king and his kingdom]—“When [the king] is at play with horses and elephants or in contests with weapons, [the mantrin] should venerate the water pot in order to protect him. [The mantrin] should perform this auspicious protection, which offers all benefits, whether [the king] is at play or for victory [in battle] in order to protect him from [the] many enemies (duṣṭa—yasmād duṣṭāś ca bahavo) that wish to destroy the king”.

context information

Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.

Yoga (school of philosophy)

Source: ORA: Amanaska (king of all yogas): A Critical Edition and Annotated Translation by Jason Birch

Duṣṭa (दुष्ट) refers to “noxious animals”, according to the Śivayogadīpikā, an ancient Sanskrit text dealing with Yoga possibly corresponding to the Śivayoga quoted in Śivānanda’s Yogacintāmaṇi.—Accordingly, [while describing a sequence of Haṭhayoga practices]: “Thus, by means of this Haṭhayoga which has eight auxiliaries, those [students who are] life-long celibates obtain the Siddhis of the [best of Sages] because of their untiring practice. [...] Then, in the third year, he is not hurt by noxious [animals] (duṣṭa) such as snakes. In the fourth year, he is free from [any] torment, thirst, sleep, cold and heat. [...]”.

context information

Yoga is originally considered a branch of Hindu philosophy (astika), but both ancient and modern Yoga combine the physical, mental and spiritual. Yoga teaches various physical techniques also known as āsanas (postures), used for various purposes (eg., meditation, contemplation, relaxation).

Sports, Arts and Entertainment (wordly enjoyments)

Source: archive.org: Syainika Sastra of Rudradeva with English Translation (art)

Duṣṭa (दुष्ट) refers to “wicked (persons)”, according to the Śyainika-śāstra: a Sanskrit treatise dealing with the divisions and benefits of Hunting and Hawking, written by Rājā Rudradeva (or Candradeva) in possibly the 13th century.—Accordingly, [while discussing the importance of hawks]: “To restore peace to a conquered country, to deliberate on conquering others, to bring the wicked (duṣṭa) under subjugation by diplomacy [duṣṭānāṃ karṣaṇaṃ yuktyā], to protect the loyal, to encourage those who have done great deeds by fulfilling their aspirations, [...] and such other qualities, which have been highly spoken of in politics [are considered also essential in the art of hawking]”.

context information

This section covers the skills and profiencies of the Kalas (“performing arts”) and Shastras (“sciences”) involving ancient Indian traditions of sports, games, arts, entertainment, love-making and other means of wordly enjoyments. Traditionally these topics were dealt with in Sanskrit treatises explaing the philosophy and the justification of enjoying the pleasures of the senses.

In Buddhism

Buddhist philosophy

Source: Google Books: A History of Indian Logic (Buddhist Philosophy)

Duṣṭa (दुष्ट) refers to the “fallacious reason” (within a debate), according to Upāyakauśalyahṛdaya, an ancient work on the art of debate composed by Bodhisattva Nāgārjuna.—The first chapter [i.e., “an elucidation of debate (vāda-visadīkaraṇa)”] consists of eight sections which treat respectively of (1) an example (udāharaṇa), (2) a tenet, truth or conclusion (siddhānta), (3) the excellence of speech (vākyapraśaṃsā), (4) the defect of speech (vākya-doṣa), (5) the knowledge of inference (anumāna or hetu-jñāna), (6) the appropriate or opportune speech (samayocita-vākya), (7) the fallacy (hetvābhāsa) and (8) the adoption of a fallacious reason (duṣṭa-vākyānusaraṇa).

Note regarding Duṣṭa-vākyānusaraṇa (‘the adoption of a fallacious reason’): If in the course of one’s argument one commits fallacies, one will be thrown into difficulties and disgrace.

context information

Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)

Source: Wisdom Library: Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra

Duṣṭa (दुष्ट) refers to “(one filled with) evil (thoughts)”, according to Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra (chapter 21).—Accordingly, “The immoral person is not respected (satkṛta) by people; his house is like a cemetery into which people do not go; he loses all his virtues like a rotten tree that people despise; he is like a frozen lotus that gives people no pleasure to see; filled with evil thoughts (duṣṭa-citta), he is dreadful like a demon; people do not turn to him, no more than a thirsty man goes to a poisoned well; his mind is always disturbed like a guilty man who always fears the approach of punishment; he is like a field (kṣetra) covered with hailstones over which nobody can venture; [...] Even though he is called Bhikṣu because he has a shaved head, the yellow robe and presents his ‘ticket’ in the proper order, in reality he is not a Bhikṣu”.

Source: De Gruyter: A Buddhist Ritual Manual on Agriculture

Duṣṭa (दुष्ट) refers to “malevolent (beings)” (responsible for crop-destruction, etc.), according to the Vajratuṇḍasamayakalparāja, an ancient Buddhist ritual manual on agriculture from the 5th-century (or earlier), containing various instructions for the Sangha to provide agriculture-related services to laypeople including rain-making, weather control and crop protection.—Accordingly, “Then Agastya, the Great Ṛṣi, sitting not too far from the Bhagavān, having heard this dhāraṇī, arose from his seat and falling at the feet of the Bhagavān addressed the Bhagavān, ‘O Bhagavān, I will make a beak-sealing for pests of all sorts, malevolent (duṣṭa) and hostile (praduṣṭa), poison-holders, destroyers of crops, flowers, fruits, leaves and the best roots; [...]’”.

context information

Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.

Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)

Source: OSU Press: Cakrasamvara Samadhi

Duṣṭa (दुष्ट) refers to “being corrupted (by much wickedness)”, according to the Guru Mandala Worship (maṇḍalārcana) ritual often performed in combination with the Cakrasaṃvara Samādhi, which refers to the primary pūjā and sādhanā practice of Newah Mahāyāna-Vajrayāna Buddhists in Nepal.—Accordingly, “Whatever injuries to the three jewels, or to father and mother by me, Abuses to the gurus or other teachers, done by body, speech and mind, Corrupted by much wickedness (anekadoṣa-duṣṭa), by me and by my sins, heroes, Whatever dreadful sin was done, all of that I confess”.

context information

Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.

In Jainism

General definition (in Jainism)

Source: archive.org: Een Kritische Studie Van Svayambhūdeva’s Paümacariu

Duṣṭa (दुष्ट) participated in the war between Rāma and Rāvaṇa, on the side of the latter, as mentioned in Svayambhūdeva’s Paumacariu (Padmacarita, Paumacariya or Rāmāyaṇapurāṇa) chapter 57ff. Svayambhū or Svayambhūdeva (8th or 9th century) was a Jain householder who probably lived in Karnataka. His work recounts the popular Rāma story as known from the older work Rāmāyaṇa (written by Vālmīki). Various chapters [mentioning Duṣṭa] are dedicated to the humongous battle whose armies (known as akṣauhiṇīs) consisted of millions of soldiers, horses and elephants, etc.

context information

Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.

Biology (plants and animals)

Source: Google Books: CRC World Dictionary (Regional names)

Dushta in India is the name of a plant defined with Saussurea costus in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Aucklandia lappa Decne. (among others).

Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):

· Revisio Generum Plantarum (1891)
· Botanicheskii Zhurnal (1964)
· Linnaea (1846)
· Dict. Sci. Nat. (1827)
· Phytomedicine (2002)
· Fl. Yunnan. (2003)

If you are looking for specific details regarding Dushta, for example extract dosage, health benefits, diet and recipes, chemical composition, side effects, pregnancy safety, have a look at these references.

context information

This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.

Languages of India and abroad

Marathi-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

duṣṭa (दुष्ट).—a (S) Bad, vile, wicked, depraved. 2 Bad, corrupt, noxious, disagreeable;--used, with some laxity, of animals, places, air &c.

--- OR ---

dustā (दुस्ता).—m A spot of open or loose texture on cloth (from the turning aside of the threads).

Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

duṣṭa (दुष्ट).—a Bad, vile, wicked, depraved.

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

Sanskrit dictionary

Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Duṣṭa (दुष्ट).—p. p. [duṣ-kta]

1) Spoiled, damaged, injured, ruined.

2) Defiled, tainted, violated, sullied.

3) Depraved, corrupted.

4) Vicious, wicked; as दुष्टवृषः (duṣṭavṛṣaḥ); वरं शून्या शाला न च खलु वरो दुष्टवृषभः (varaṃ śūnyā śālā na ca khalu varo duṣṭavṛṣabhaḥ) H.1.117.

5) Guilty, culpable.

6) Low, vile.

7) Faulty or defective, as a हेतु (hetu) in logic.

8) Painful.

9) Worthless,

-ṣṭā 1 A bad or unchaste woman.

2) A harlot.

-ṣṭam 1 Sin, crime, guilt.

2) A kind of leprosy.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary

Duṣṭa (दुष्ट).—name of a Prajāpati: Mahā-Māyūrī 257.20, in a list of twelve P.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Duṣṭa (दुष्ट).—mfn.

(-ṣṭaḥ-ṣṭā-ṣṭaṃ) 1. Low, vile, 2. Weak, impotent. 3. Wicked, depraved. 4. spoiled, injured. 5. violated. 6. Contaminated, degraded. 7. Worthless. f.

(-ṣṭā) A harlot, a wanton. n.

(-ṣṭaṃ) A kind of Costus, (C. speciosus:) see kuṣṭha. E. duṣ to be corrupt. &c. affix kta.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Duṣṭa (दुष्ट).—[adjective] spoiled, corrupt, injured, damaged, vicious, bad, guilty. [masculine] villain, wicked man; [neuter] guilt, sin. Abstr. tā [feminine], tva [neuter]

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Duṣṭa (दुष्ट):—[from duṣ] mfn. spoilt, corrupted

2) [v.s. ...] defective, faulty

3) [v.s. ...] wrong, false

4) [v.s. ...] bad, wicked

5) [v.s. ...] malignant, offensive, inimical

6) [v.s. ...] guilty, culpable, [???; Manu-smṛti; Yājñavalkya; Suśruta; Mahābhārata] etc.

7) [v.s. ...] sinning through or defiled with (cf. karma mano-, yoni-, vāg-)

8) [v.s. ...] m. a villain, rogue

9) [v.s. ...] a kind of noxious animal, [Viṣṇu-smṛti, viṣṇu-sūtra, vaiṣṇava-dharma-śāstra xii, 2]

10) Duṣṭā (दुष्टा):—[from duṣṭa > duṣ] f. a bad or unchaste woman, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

11) Duṣṭa (दुष्ट):—[from duṣ] n. sin, offence, crime, guilt, [Harivaṃśa; Rāmāyaṇa] (cf. śruti-)

12) [v.s. ...] Costus Speciosus or Arabicus, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Duṣṭa (दुष्ट):—[(ṣṭaḥ-ṣṭā-ṣṭaṃ) a.] Low, vile; spoiled. f. A harlot. n. A costus.

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)

Duṣṭa (दुष्ट) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Duṭṭha.

[Sanskrit to German]

Dushta in German

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

Hindi dictionary

Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary

Duṣṭa (दुष्ट) [Also spelled dusht]:—(a) wicked, vile; knave; bad; malevolent; faulty; (nm) a scoundrel, rascal, scamp; ~[buddhi] wicked, vile, vicious, mischievous.

context information

...

Kannada-English dictionary

Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

Duṣṭa (ದುಷ್ಟ):—

1) [adjective] bad; wicked; evil.

2) [adjective] spoiled; corrupt; contaminated; rotten.

3) [adjective] morally unsound or debase; perverted; depraved.

--- OR ---

Duṣṭa (ದುಷ್ಟ):—

1) [noun] a wicked, evil fellow.

2) [noun] a corrupt, morally debased man.

3) [noun] guilt; culpability; legal, religious or ethical offence; a crime; a sin.

4) [noun] a fault, fallacy or error.

5) [noun] an emerald having a blemish.

6) [noun] any of the six vices (lust, anger, avarice, fondness, arrogance and jealousy).

7) [noun] an inferior metal used in an alloy.

8) [noun] a snake.

9) [noun] a horse.

10) [noun] the liquid exuded from the temples of an elephant in sexual excitement.

11) [noun] (rhet.) a fault of using the sentences or words that are grammatically wrong.

12) [noun] ದುಷ್ಟರನ್ನು ಕಂಡರೆ ದೂರ ಇರು [dushtarannu kamdare dura iru] duṣṭarannu kaṇḍare dūra iru (prov.) better be at distance from wicked people; the best remedy against an ill-man is much ground between both.

context information

Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

Nepali dictionary

Source: unoes: Nepali-English Dictionary

Duṣṭa (दुष्ट):—n. a rascal; a scoundrel; a rogue;

context information

Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.

Relevant text

Search found 77 books and stories containing Dushta, Duṣṭa, Dusta, Dustā, Duṣṭā; (plurals include: Dushtas, Duṣṭas, Dustas, Dustās, Duṣṭās). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:

Verse 5.10.5 < [Chapter 10 - The Stories of the Washerman, Weaver, and Florist]

Verse 1.11.72 < [Chapter 11 - Description of Śrī Kṛṣṇacandra’s Birth]

Verse 6.16.22 < [Chapter 16 - Seeing Śrī Rādhā’s Form]

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Text 7.2 < [Chapter 7 - Literary Faults]

Text 4.23 < [Chapter 4 - First-rate Poetry]

Text 7.21 < [Chapter 7 - Literary Faults]

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A disease review on madhumehajanya duṣṭa vraṇa vis-à-vis diabetic foot ulcer < [Volume 10, issue 2 (2022)]

A Pragmatic approach towards the management of Dushta Vrana; A case report < [Volume 11, issue 3 (2023)]

Sarpa Nirmokha Masi film a boon for non-healing ulcers- A case report < [Volume 11, issue 1 (2023)]

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