Friend: 2 definitions

Introduction
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In Hinduism
1. Jyotisha
In Jainism
1. General definition
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Introduction:

Friend means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

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In Hinduism

Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology)

Source: Journal of South Asian Intellectual History: Samarasiṃha and the Early Transmission of Tājika Astrology

Friend refers to one the “thirty-two astrological lots” (sahamas), as discussed in the fourth chapter of the Karmaprakāśa—one of the earliest preserved Sanskrit works on Perso-Arabic (Tājika) astrology authored by Samarasiṃha in the 13th century.—The so-called lots (Sanskrit: sahamas; Arabic: sahm, translating κλῆρος) are derived by measuring the longitudinal distance between two predefined points in a horoscope (typically two planets) and projecting it from a third point (typically the ascendant degree). Of these 32 lots [e.g., Friends], all but two are present in what has become the most widespread list of Tājika sahamas, compiled some three centuries later by Nīlakaṇṭha and comprising 50 items.

context information

Jyotisha (ज्योतिष, jyotiṣa or jyotish) refers to ‘astronomy’ or “Vedic astrology” and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.

In Jainism

General definition (in Jainism)

Source: The University of Sydney: A study of the Twelve Reflections

Powerful Friends cannot stop the soul going at the moment of death, as discussed in Bhūdhardās’s composition dealing with the twelve reflections (bhāvanā or anuprekṣā), also found in the Tattvārtha-sūtra.—Accordingly, “[all things are impermanent]—King, prince or emperor, an elephant’s mahout: everyone dies someday each at his own time. (1) [there is no shelter] Powerful friends, a goddess or a god, mother, father, family: they can do nothing to stop the soul going at the moment of death. (2) [cycle of rebirth] So poor you cannot meet the cost, you suffer. You are entranced by the desire for wealth. Nowhere in saṃsāra will you find happiness no matter where you look in the world. (3) [...]”.

context information

Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.

Relevant text

Search found 542 books and stories containing Friend, Friends, The friend; (plurals include: Friends, Friendses, The friends). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:

Verse 4.8.2 < [Part 8 - Compatible & Incompatible Mellows (maitrī-vaira-sthiti)]

Verse 3.3.16 < [Part 3 - Fraternal Devotion (sakhya-rasa)]

Verse 3.3.96 < [Part 3 - Fraternal Devotion (sakhya-rasa)]

+ 171 more chapters / show preview

Story 61 - The Margosa Tree < [Part II (c) - Stories of the Durayas]

Story 179 - The Deer and its Friends < [Part III - Stories of the Cultivating Caste]

Story 97 - Concerning Two Friends < [Part III - Stories of the Cultivating Caste]

+ 73 more chapters / show preview

5. Four Kinds of Loyal Friends < [Chapter 2 - The Accomplishment of Good Friendship (Kalyāṇa-mittatā)]

19. Conclusion < [Chapter 2 - The Accomplishment of Good Friendship (Kalyāṇa-mittatā)]

3. Definition and Interpretation of Friend (Mitta) < [Chapter 2 - The Accomplishment of Good Friendship (Kalyāṇa-mittatā)]

+ 23 more chapters / show preview