Jiraka, Jira-ka, Jīraka: 19 definitions

Introduction
In Hinduism
1. Purana
2. Ayurveda
3. Arts
In Buddhism
1. General definition
Biology
Languages
1. Pali
2. Sanskrit
3. Kannada
See also
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Introduction:

Jiraka means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, biology. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

In Hinduism

Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana Index

Jīraka (जीरक).—One of the eight Saubhāgyams.^*

* Matsya-purāṇa 60. 27.

context information

The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

Ayurveda (science of life)

Dietetics and Culinary Art (such as household cooking)

Source: Shodhganga: Dietetics and culinary art in ancient and medieval India

Jīraka (जीरक) refers to “cumin seed” and is mentioned in a list of remedies for indigestion in the 17th century Bhojanakutūhala (dravyaguṇāguṇa-kathana), and is commonly found in literature dealing with the topics of dietetics and culinary art, also known as Pākaśāstra or Pākakalā.—A complete section in Bhojanakutūhala is devoted for the description of agents that cause indigestion [viz., bakula fruit (Mimusops elengi) or bakulaphala]. These agents consumed on a large scale can cause indigestion for certain people. The remedies [viz., jīraka (cumin seed)] for these types of indigestions are also explained therewith.

Cikitsa (natural therapy and treatment for medical conditions)

Source: Ancient Science of Life: Botanical identification of plants described in Mādhava Cikitsā

Jīraka (जीरक) refers to the medicinal plant Cuminum cyminum L., and is used in the treatment of atisāra (diarrhoea), according to the 7th century Mādhavacikitsā chapter 2. Atisāra refers to a condition where there are three or more loose or liquid stools (bowel movements) per day or more stool than normal. The second chapter of the Mādhavacikitsā explains several preparations [including Jīraka] through 60 Sanskrit verses about treating this problem.

The plant Cuminum cyminum L. (Jīraka) is also known as Śvetajīraka according to both the Ayurvedic Formulary and the Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India.

Kalpa (Formulas, Drug prescriptions and other Medicinal preparations)

Source: Shodhganga: Edition translation and critical study of yogasarasamgraha

Jīraka (जीरक) refers to the medicinal plant known as “Cuminum cyminum Linn.” and is dealt with in the 15th-century Yogasārasaṅgraha (Yogasara-saṅgraha) by Vāsudeva: an unpublished Keralite work representing an Ayurvedic compendium of medicinal recipes. The Yogasārasaṃgraha [mentioning jīraka] deals with entire recipes in the route of administration, and thus deals with the knowledge of pharmacy (bhaiṣajya-kalpanā) which is a branch of pharmacology (dravyaguṇa).

Unclassified Ayurveda definitions

Source: eJournal of Indian Medicine: Jajjaṭa’s Nirantarapadavyākhyā and Other Commentaries on the Carakasaṃhitā

Jīraka (जीरक) refers to either 1) Cuminum cyminum Linn., 2) Carum carvi Linn., or 3) Nigella sativa Linn., and is the name of a medicinal plant mentioned in the 7th-century Nirantarapadavyākhyā by Jejjaṭa (or Jajjaṭa): one of the earliest extant and, therefore, one of the most important commentaries on the Carakasaṃhitā.—(Cf. Glossary of Vegetable Drugs in Bṛhattrayī 169, Singh and Chunekar, 1999)

context information

Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.

Sports, Arts and Entertainment (wordly enjoyments)

Source: archive.org: Syainika Sastra of Rudradeva with English Translation (art)

Jīraka (जीरक) refers to “cumin seeds” (used in the treatment of Hawks), according to the Śyainika-śāstra: a Sanskrit treatise dealing with the divisions and benefits of Hunting and Hawking, written by Rājā Rudradeva (or Candradeva) in possibly the 13th century.—Accordingly, [while discussing the treatment of hawks]: “The cure of all sorts of Śākhā is said to be mimāyī. For big birds with black eyes, three ratis is the dose, for slender birds half the quantity; for big birds with red eyes, the dose is two ratis, and for slender ones only one rati. The patients are to be given meat mixed with goat’s milk and the juice of hemp. Their eyes are to be anointed every day with cumin seeds (jīraka) chewed with the teeth. [...]”.

context information

This section covers the skills and profiencies of the Kalas (“performing arts”) and Shastras (“sciences”) involving ancient Indian traditions of sports, games, arts, entertainment, love-making and other means of wordly enjoyments. Traditionally these topics were dealt with in Sanskrit treatises explaing the philosophy and the justification of enjoying the pleasures of the senses.

In Buddhism

General definition (in Buddhism)

Source: Wisdom Library: Buddhism

Jīraka (जीरक)—One of the field-crops mentioned in the Jātakas.

Biology (plants and animals)

Source: Google Books: CRC World Dictionary (Regional names)

1) Jiraka in India is the name of a plant defined with Carum bulbocastanum in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Bunium persicum (Boiss.) Fedts..

2) Jiraka is also identified with Carum carvi It has the synonym Carum gracile Boiss. (etc.).

3) Jiraka is also identified with Oryza sativa It has the synonym Oryza sativa var. savannae Körn. (etc.).

Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):

· Landwirthschaftliche Flora (1866)
· The Flora of British India (1896)
· Species Plantarum (1753)
· Flora Orientalis (1888)
· Novorum Actorum Academiae Caesareae LeopoldinaeCarolinae Naturae Curiosorum (1824)
· Regnum Vegetabile, or ‘a Series of Handbooks for the Use of Plant Taxonomists and Plant Geographers’ (1993)

If you are looking for specific details regarding Jiraka, for example health benefits, pregnancy safety, extract dosage, side effects, diet and recipes, chemical composition, have a look at these references.

context information

This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.

Languages of India and abroad

Pali-English dictionary

Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionary

jīraka : (nt.) cummin seed.

Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English Dictionary

1) Jīraka, ² cummin-seed Miln. 63; J. I, 244; II, 363; VvA. 186. (Page 284)

2) Jīraka, ¹ (Vedic jīra, lively, alert, cp. jīvati & Gr. dierόs, Lat. viridis) digestion, in ajīrakena by want or lack of digestion J. II, 181. See ajīraka. (Page 284)

context information

Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.

Sanskrit dictionary

Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Jīraka (जीरक).—Cumin-seed; अजमोदां च बाह्लीकं जीरकं लोध्रकं तथा (ajamodāṃ ca bāhlīkaṃ jīrakaṃ lodhrakaṃ tathā) Śiva. B.3.18.

Derivable forms: jīrakaḥ (जीरकः).

[Sanskrit to German]

Jiraka in German

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

Kannada-English dictionary

Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

Jīraka (ಜೀರಕ):—[noun] = ಜೀರಿಗೆ [jirige].

context information

Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

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