Upajati, Upajāti: 15 definitions
Introduction:
Upajati means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Hindi, biology. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Upjati.
In Hinduism
Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy)
Source: Shodhganga: Mankhaka a sanskrit literary genius (natya)Upajāti (उपजाति) is the name of a Sanskrit metre (chandas) of the Vṛtta-type (akṣarachandas: metres regulated by akṣaras, syllabes).—The metre Upājati, consists of eleven syllables in each foot and the gaṇas therein are ja, ta, ja, ga, ga, ta, ta, ja, ga, ga. This metre is found to be employed in the Śrīkaṇṭhacarita.
Natyashastra (नाट्यशास्त्र, nāṭyaśāstra) refers to both the ancient Indian tradition (shastra) of performing arts, (natya—theatrics, drama, dance, music), as well as the name of a Sanskrit work dealing with these subjects. It also teaches the rules for composing Dramatic plays (nataka), construction and performance of Theater, and Poetic works (kavya).
Chandas (prosody, study of Sanskrit metres)
Source: Shodhganga: a concise history of Sanskrit Chanda literature1) Upajāti (उपजाति) which is the combination of Indravajrā and Upendravajrā has an pivotal role in Sanskrit prosody.
1) Kṣemendra (11th century) mentions Upajāti as one of the 27 metres in his Suvṛttatilaka. Kṣemendra describes the metre Upajāti as the suitable metre for Śṛṅgārarasa. He says the description of a heroine in the context of the sentiment of ālambanavibhāva and the seasons like the spring with their allied subject (related to erotic) becomes attractive when it is composed in the Upajāti metre.
1) Kavikarṇapūra (C. 16th century) describes fourteen types of Upajāti. They are: Maṇiprabhā, Kāntimatī, Satī, Gati, Smṛti, Kuśāgrī, Rati, Unnatā, Śivā, Varā, Dharā, Prītimatī, Sudhā and Priyā. (See Vṛttamālā 22)
2) Upajāti (उपजाति) refers to one of the 130 varṇavṛttas (syllabo-quantitative verse) dealt with in the second chapter of the Vṛttamuktāvalī, ascribed to Durgādatta (19th century), author of eight Sanskrit work and patronised by Hindupati: an ancient king of the Bundela tribe (presently Bundelkhand of Uttar Pradesh). A Varṇavṛtta (e.g., upajāti) refers to a type of classical Sanskrit metre depending on syllable count where the light-heavy patterns are fixed.
3) Upajāti (उपजाति) refers to one of the 34 varṇavṛttas (syllabo-quantitative verse) dealt with in the Vṛttamaṇimañjūṣā, whose authorship could be traced (also see the “New Catalogus Catalogorum” XXXI. p. 7).
4) Upajāti (उपजाति) refers to one of the seventy-two sama-varṇavṛtta (regular syllabo-quantitative verse) mentioned in the 334th chapter of the Agnipurāṇa. The Agnipurāṇa deals with various subjects viz. literature, poetics, grammar, architecture in its 383 chapters and deals with the entire science of prosody (e.g., the upajāti metre) in 8 chapters (328-335) in 101 verses in total.
Source: Journal of the University of Bombay Volume V: Apabhramsa metres (2)Upajāti (उपजाति) refers to a group of eight metres consisting of six lines (ṣaṭpadī), as discussed in books such as the Chandonuśāsana, Kavidarpaṇa, Vṛttajātisamuccaya and Svayambhūchandas.—The 3rd and the 6th lines of Upajāti are equal and contain from 10 to 17 mātrās in them. The remaining lines of the Upajātis have all of them 8 mātrās in them.
Chandas (छन्दस्) refers to Sanskrit prosody and represents one of the six Vedangas (auxiliary disciplines belonging to the study of the Vedas). The science of prosody (chandas-shastra) focusses on the study of the poetic meters such as the commonly known twenty-six metres mentioned by Pingalas.
Kavyashastra (science of poetry)
Source: Shodhganga: Bhismacaritam a critical studyUpajāti (उपजाति) is the name of a Sanskrit metre (chandas) employed in the Bhīṣmacarita (Bhishma Charitra) which is a mahākāvya (‘epic poem’) written by Hari Narayan Dikshit.—The description of the beauty of a noble heroine, acting as excitant of the Erotic Sentiment and (that of) spring or its concomitants, becomes grand when it is done in the Upajāti metre. In the description of love-making sport of King Śāntanu and Satyavatī, the poet has skilfully applied the Upajāti metre in verse X.29 of the Bhīṣmacarita. Thus, the poet has appropriately used Upajāti metre in the poem.
Kavyashastra (काव्यशास्त्र, kāvyaśāstra) refers to the ancient Indian tradition of poetry (kavya). Canonical literature (shastra) of the includes encyclopedic manuals dealing with prosody, rhetoric and various other guidelines serving to teach the poet how to compose literature.
Biology (plants and animals)
Source: Google Books: CRC World Dictionary (Regional names)Upajati in India is the name of a plant defined with Jasminum grandiflorum in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Jasminum floribundum R. Br. ex Fresen. (among others).
Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):
· Journal of Cytology and Genetics (1991)
· Kew Bulletin (1997)
· Journal of the Arnold Arboretum (1932)
· Bot. Comment. (1830)
· Cytologia (1987)
· Journal of Cytology and Genetics (1988)
If you are looking for specific details regarding Upajati, for example chemical composition, pregnancy safety, health benefits, extract dosage, diet and recipes, side effects, have a look at these references.
This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.
Languages of India and abroad
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryUpajāti (उपजाति).—f. A mixed metre (see App.).
Derivable forms: upajātiḥ (उपजातिः).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryUpajāti (उपजाति).—f.
(-tiḥ) A metre or stanza of four lines, with eleven syllables in each.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryUpajāti (उपजाति).—[feminine] [Name] of a metre.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English DictionaryUpajāti (उपजाति):—[=upa-jāti] [from upa-jan] f. a mixed metre ([especially] a combination of Indra-vajrā and Upendra-vajrā, or of Vaṃśa-stha and Indra-vaṃśa).
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Upajāti (उपजाति) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Uvajāi.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionaryUpajāti (उपजाति) [Also spelled upjati]:—(nf) a sub-caste.
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Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusUpajāti (ಉಪಜಾತಿ):—
1) [noun] a sub-division of a social class, caste; a sub-caste.
2) [noun] (biol.) any natural subdivision of a species that exhibits small, but persistent, morphological variations from other subdivisions of the same species living in different geographical regions or times; a subspecies.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
Source: unoes: Nepali-English DictionaryUpajāti (उपजाति):—n. 1. sub-caste; 2. sub-class of meter in prosody;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with: Upajatika.
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Full-text: Upjati, Uvajai, Maya, Kirti, Bhadra, Hamsi, Ardra, Indravajra, Rama, Jaya, Vani, Mala, Prema, Shala, Bala, Panini, Buddhi, Riddhi.
Relevant text
Search found 41 books and stories containing Upajati, Upa-jati, Upa-jāti, Upajāti; (plurals include: Upajatis, jatis, jātis, Upajātis). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Annadatri-carita (study) (by Sarannya V.)
6. Poetic Beauty (a): Metre (Vritta) < [Chapter 3 - An Introduction to Annadatri-carita]
The Kalika Purana (literary study) (by Dilip Kumar Goswami)
Abhijnana Shakuntala (synthetic study) (by Ramendra Mohan Bose)
Appendix 1 - The Metres used in the Abhijnana Sakuntalam
Appendix 2 - Analysis of Metres
Abhijnana Sakuntalam (with translation and notes) (by Bidhubhusan Goswami)
Chapter 5 - Pancama-anka (pancamo'nkah) < [Abhijnana Sakuntalam, text and notes]
Chapter 6 - Shashtha-anka (sastho'nkah) < [Abhijnana Sakuntalam, text and notes]
Alankara Sastra (English study) (by V. Raghavan)
1. Introduction and the list of 36 Lakshanas < [Chapter 1 - The history of Lakshana (poetic adornments)]
7. Table of the Lakshanas in the various lists < [Chapter 1 - The history of Lakshana (poetic adornments)]
5. Other writers on the subject of Laksana < [Chapter 1 - The history of Lakshana (poetic adornments)]
Ganitatilaka (Sanskrit text and English introduction) (by H. R. Kapadia)